The Department of Energy yesterday announced a round of $377 million in funding to the nation’s universities and research community for the development of “Energy Frontier Research Centers” – and since it is a government project, it of course has an acronym, EFRCs.
The program sound intriguing. According to the release distributed by the DOE and Secretary Steven Chu, the EFRCs will be established at universities, national laboratories, nonprofit organizations, and private firms across the nation with the goal of accelerating “the scientific breakthroughs needed to build a new 21st-century energy economy.”
Details of the actual investment below, but of the 46 organizations granted awards, which were chosen last year, only three are located in New England, two for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and one for the University of Massachusetts.
Each award, which range from $10 million to $22.5 million over the next five years, is being allocated to fairly specific technology development program. In the case of the three Massachusetts awards, all three are aimed, to varying degrees, at the development of solar energy and materials.
At MIT, for example, $17.5 million will go to the school’s Solid State Solar Thermal Conversion Center (another unwieldy acronym – S3TEC Center), led by Gang Chen, who is one of the leads of MIT’s NanoEngineering Group. The group is working on using nanomaterials for thermal electric conduction.
The other MIT group receiving funding – $19 million – is Marc Baldo and the Center for Excitonics, which is researching “charge carriers” and their relation to new materials which could help in the conversion of solar energy and electricity storage.
At UMass Amherst, Thomas Russell’s Polymer Science group will receive $16 million for the development of “self-assembled polymer materials in systems for the conversion of sunlight into electricity,” which in layman’s terms, I assume, means thin-film, polymer-based photovoltaic materials.
In fact, solar and photovoltaics seems to be the technology of choice for researchers, with 19 of the 46 organizations working in some way with the conversion of sunlight into electricity.
Some of the funding – $100 million – comes from the 2009 federal budget, while $277 million is coming from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Stimulus Package). All told, 31 universities, 12 DOE National Labs and two non-profit organizations will recieve funding under the program. One corporate entity – General Electric Global Research – is also included in the program.
I think the message here is that the DOE, as well as the nation’s research community, feel the meeting of solar power and nanomaterials has the potential to yield very significant technological gains, and soon. Very few of the programs awarded funding seem to be focused on technologies or ideas that have a long road to practical implementation, unlike solar power, which is already a proven, though not totally cost or energy efficient, model.